Non-carbonized copier paper ( CCP ), non-carbon copy paper , or NCR Paper (Non Carbon Required from its creator's initials, the National Cash Register) is a type of coated paper designed to transfer the written information forward to the sheet underneath. It was developed by Lowell Schleicher and Barry Green chemists, as an alternative to carbon paper and sometimes misidentified as such.
Instead of inserting a special sheet between the original and the intended copy, carbonless paper carbon has a dye or micro ink on the back of the top sheet, and a layer of clay on the front side of the bottom sheet. When pressure is applied (from writing or impact printing), the dye capsule breaks and reacts with clay to form a permanent mark that duplicates the marks made into the top sheet. The intermediate sheet, with the clay on the front and the dye capsule on the back, can be used to make multiple copies; this can be referred to as multipurpose stationery.
Video Carbonless copy paper
Operation
Non-carbonized copier paper consists of a sheet of paper coated with dye or reactive micro or clay ink. The back of the first sheet is coated with a micro-encapsulated dye (referred to as Coated Back or CB sheet). The bottom sheet is coated on the top surface with clay that quickly reacts with dye to form a permanent sign (Coated Front, CF). Each medium sheet is coated with clay on the top and dye on the bottom (Coated Front and Back, CFB).
When the sheet is written with pressure (for example, ball-point pen) or impact (eg, typewriter, dot-matrix printer), the pressure causes the micro-capsule to break and release the dye. Because the capsule is very small, the print is very accurate.
Non-carbonized copier papers are also available in standalone versions that have ink and clay on the same side of the paper.
Maps Carbonless copy paper
Usage
The first carbonless copier paper was produced by NCR Corporation, filed a patent application on June 30, 1953. Previously, the option was to write the document more than once or to use carbon paper, inserted between the written sheets and copies. The carbonless paper is used as a business stationery that requires one or more original copies, such as invoices and receipts. Copies are often paper with different colors (for example, original white for customers, yellow copies for supplier notes, and other colors for subsequent copies). Stationaries with carbonless copier paper can be paired either on cushions or books tied into sets, or as loose sets, or as continuous stationery for printers designed to use them.
Dyes and chemicals
The first dye used commercially in this application is the purple crystal lactone, which is widely used today. Other dyes and chemicals used are hydrolysis of PTSMH ( p -toluene sulphide hydrolytic Michler), TMA (trimellitic anhydride), phenol-formaldehyde resin, azo dye, DIPN (diisopropyl naphthalene), isocyanate formaldehyde, hydrocarbons - based on solvent, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, polyoxypropylene diamine, epoxy resin, aliphatic isocyanate, Bisphenol A, diethylene triamine, and others. Dyes in carbonless copier paper can cause contact dermatitis in sensitive people.
Health and environmental issues
Until the 1970s, when the use of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was banned due to health and environmental concerns, PCBs were used as transfer agents in carbonless copier papers. PCBs are readily transferred to human skin during handling of these papers, and it is difficult to reach decontamination by washing normally with soap and water. In Japan, carbonless copier paper is still treated as PCB contaminated waste.
Exposure to certain types of copier paper without carbon or its components has resulted, in some circumstances, in mild to moderate skin irritation symptoms and irritation of the upper mucous membranes of the eyes and upper respiratory tract. A 2000 review found no irritation or sensitivity to contact with carbonless copier paper produced after 1987. In many cases, good hygiene and industrial work practices should be sufficient to reduce or eliminate symptoms. This includes adequate ventilation, humidity, and temperature control; decent households; contact from hand to mouth and hand to eye; minimal; and regular hand hygiene.
In a 1997 study, the University of Florida found that a poorly ventilated office in which large quantities of carbonless copier paper was used had a significant level of volatile organic compounds in the air, whereas the well-ventilated office where the small paper was used. no. The study also found that there was a higher rate of sick leave complaints and illness in the office using a large number of carbonless copier papers. Another study, published in the Environmental Health Perspective, links the exposure of chronic work to carbonless dust and photocopy paper with an increased risk of adult onset asthma.
The average carbonless copier paper contains high concentrations of Bisphenol A (BPA), endocrine disruptors.
In 2001, three employees of a medical center in San Francisco filed suit against their employer, blaming the exposure of copier paper without carbon and other chemicals to their inflammatory breast cancer.
See also
- AKA Ditto Spirit Duplicator machine
- List of duplicates
Note
References
External links
- Patent: Pressure-sensitive recording material
- Hazard Review: Copies of Unsubbed Paper, from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
- Scientist Test Carbonless Copy Paper for Sickening Side Effect
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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