Final Cut Pro is a suite of non-linear video editing software programs first developed by Macromedia Inc. and then Apple Inc. The latest version, Final Cut Pro X 10.4.2, runs on Intel-based Mac Computers powered by Sierra High or newer macos. The software allows users to login and transfer video to hard drive (internal or external), where it can be edited, processed, and outputed into various formats. The rewritten Final Cut Pro X was fully introduced by Apple in 2011, with the latest version of the old Final Cut Pro version 7.0.3.
Since the early 2000s, Final Cut Pro has developed a large and growing user base, especially video enthusiasts and independent filmmakers. It has also made breakthroughs with film and television editors who traditionally use Composer Media from Avid Technology. According to a 2007 SCRI study, Final Cut Pro formed 49% of the professional editing market of the United States, with Avid at 22%. A survey published in 2008 by the American Cinema Editors Guild puts their users at 21% Final Cut Pro (and progresses from previous surveys of this group), while others still use the Avid system.
Video Final Cut Pro
Features
Final Cut Pro provides non-linear, non-destructive editing of any QuickTime compatible video formats including DV, HDV, P2 MXF (DVCProHD), XDCAM (via plug-in), 2K, 4K and 5K movie formats and can import projects directly from iMovie for iOS. It supports a number of simultaneously compiled video tracks (limited mainly by video form capabilities); unlimited audio tracks; multi-camera editing to combine video from multiple camera sources; 360 Â ° video editing support; as well as standard ripple, roll, slip, slide, scrub, razor blade and time remapping edit function. It comes with a variety of video transitions and various video and audio filters such as key tools, matte and de-poppers and vocal de-essers. It also has several color correction tools including color wheels, sliders and curves, video coverage and generator options, such as snails, test cards, and noise.
Maps Final Cut Pro
Interface
The legacy Final Cut (Pro and Express) interface (v. 7.0.3 and earlier) is designed around a non-computerized editing workflow, with four main windows that replicate proven and reliable methods for organizing, viewing and editing physical or media records film. Browser, where media files (or clips) are listed, replicate the traditional movie "basket" editor or pile of videocassettes. The Viewer, where individual media files can be previewed and cropped, replicates the monitor source from an older tape-based system. Canvas replicates the "program" monitor in the system, where edited material is viewed. The timeline, in which the media is assembled into a single sequence, replicates the physically edited film or the master record of the previous system. There is also a small Toolbox window and two audio level indicators for the left and right audio channels.
Both the Viewer and the Canvas have a shuttle interface (for variable speed scanning, forward or rewind via clips) and a jogging interface for frame by frame forward.
Browser
As with most non-linear digital editing apps, the Browser is not an interface to the computer's file system. This is a virtual space where references to clips (aliases) are placed for easy access, and arranged in a folder called 'junk'. Since they are just references to clips located on a computer media drive, moving or deleting source files on the media hard drive destroys links between entries in Browser and actual media. This results in an 'offline media' situation, and the media must 'reconnect'. Final Cut Pro can search the media itself, or users can do this manually. If multiple clips are offline at the same time, Final Cut can reconnect all offline media clips located in the relative directory path as the first offline media clip to reconnect.
The browser has an 'effect' tab where transitions and video filters can be crawled and dragged to or between clips.
Canvas
Canvas generates Timeline content. To add a clip to the Timeline, in addition to dragging it there, it is possible to drag clips from Browser or Viewer to Canvas, where the so-called 'edit overlay' appears. Editing overlays have seven drop zone, where clips can be dragged to perform different edits. The default is editing 'override', which overrides the entry point or occupied space after the playhead with an incoming clip. The insert 'insert' inserts the clip into sequence at the point or playhead position, keeping the whole video intact, but moving everything aside to make the new clip match. There are also drop zone for the application to automatically insert transition. The 'replace' editing replaces clips in the Timeline with incoming clips, and editing 'fit to fill' does the same thing, but at the same time, it adjusts the speed of incoming clip play so everything will go into the required space [in Timeline]. Finally there is a 'superimpose' edit, which automatically places the dropped clip on the track above the clip in the Timeline, with the same duration as the clip below it. Unless the entry or exit point is set, all edits occur from the playhead position in the Timeline.
Using the wireframe look on the canvas, clip can be manipulated directly - drag it on the canvas to change its position, for example, or resize it. The appropriate adjustment controls for these things are in the viewer.
Viewer
The viewer has tabs for each selected audio clip channel, in which the waveform for audio can be viewed and polished, and where the volume can be locked. The filter tab is where effects for clips appear and where their parameters can be adjusted and given a keyfram. If the selected clip is a generator (such as an oval shape), a control tab appears to change its geometric properties. Finally, the motion tab of the viewer contains tools for adjusting scale, opacity, cutting, rotation, distortion, shadow, opacity, and time of reprinting the clip property. The mini-time bar to the right of each parameter allows the property to be a keyframe. The viewer is not present in Final Cut Pro X.
Timeline
Clips can be edited together in a timeline called sequence. Sequences can be nested in other sequences, so filters or transitions can be applied to grouped clips.
The Timeline in Final Cut Pro allows 99 video tracks to be coated on top of each other. If clips are higher [in the timeline] than others, then it obscures whatever is beneath it. The size of the video clip can be changed, and the clip can be trimmed, among many other settings that can be changed. The level of ugliness can also be changed, as well as animations during clips using keyframes, which are either defined in graphical overlays, or in the 'motion' tab of the viewers, where the exact percentage value of opacity can be entered. Final Cut also has more than a dozen common compositing modes that can be applied to clips, such as Add, Less, Differences, Screen, Multiply, Overlay, and Travel Matte Luma/Alpha.
The compositing mode for the clip is changed by the control-click or right-click on the clip and select it from the streaming contextual menu, or by selecting mode from the app's 'modify' menu. For matte mode, a clip that performs a key is placed at the top of the clip of content on the Timeline.
For further merger, Final Cut Pro is compatible with Apple's Shake (discontinued) devices and Apple Motion.
Keyboard shortcuts
Final Cut Pro uses a set of hot keys to select tools. There are nearly 400 keyboard commands that allow the user to increase the editing speed. This is combined with a nonlinear approach that is digital editing, providing Final Cut Pro users with several editing options.
Users can also set their own customizable keyboard preferences.
History
Randy Ubillos created the first three versions of Adobe Premiere, the first popular digital video editing application. Before version 5 was released, the Ubillos group was hired by Macromedia to create KeyGrip, built from the foundation as a more professional video editing program based on Apple QuickTime. Macromedia was unable to release the product without causing Truevision's partner a few issues with Microsoft, since KeyGrip, in part, was based on technology from Microsoft that was licensed to Truevision and then in turn to Macromedia. The terms of the IP license agreement state that it will not be used in conjunction with QuickTime. Thus, Macromedia is forced to keep the product out of the market until a solution can be found. At the same time, the company decided to focus more on apps that would support the web, so they sought buyers for their non-web apps, including KeyGrip, which in 1998 was renamed Final Cut.
Final Cut was shown in a private space demonstration as 0.9 alpha at the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) exposition in 1998 after Macromedia withdrew from the main show floor. In the demonstration, Mac and Windows versions are displayed. The Mac version works with real time Truevision RTX dual stream cards with limited real-time effects. When no buyer can be found, Apple buys the team as a defensive move. When Apple was unable to find buyers in turn, it continued its development work, focusing on adding FireWire/DV support and introducing Final Cut Pro in NAB 1999.
In order for Final Cut Pro to be supported from the start with self-paced training and third-party led instructors, Apple is working with DVcreators.net, which released a training disc called "Final Cut Pro PowerStart" in NAB on the last day of Cut Pro released. Apple works with DVcreators.net to host hundreds of free and paid Final Cut Pro seminars and workshops in 60 cities in the US, Canada and other countries during the following years, a strategy that some feel fundamentally contributes to early awareness Final Cut Pro in the market and the increase in market share.
After the introduction of Final Cut Pro, Adobe Premiere's market share remained strong on Windows but began to decline on the Mac because the old codebase was more difficult to maintain. In 2003, Apple announced a program for Premiere users to trade on their disks to get a free copy of Final Cut Express or a $ 500 discount for Final Cut Pro.
Final Cut Pro benefits from the relative maturity of QuickTime and its original support for new DV cameras connected with FireWire (IEEE1394).
The quality of the first broadcast, the Complete Distributed TV Show Around the World produced in Final Cut Pro is WOW 2000! Women of Wrestling, using video card Pinnacle CinÃÆ'Â © Wave uncompressed. The Oxygen Network was a beta site for Final Cut Pro in late 1999 through a network launch in early 2000. Events like ShE-Commerce were cut using FCP.
In late 2001, Independent Producer Michael A. Bloom announced in an interview with Larry King while defending his controversial film "PlayCouples, A New Era Of Swinging (2003)" made possible only after the switch from Avid Media Composer to Final Cut Pro. He found a relatively new platform never fails when making a movie that is not his experience with Avid. After completing many foot work under a separate agreement between The Oxygen Network and its production company during the beta test of Final Cut he became a vocal advocate. The Rules of Attraction studio film edited in beta from Final Cut Pro 3, proving to the film industry that a 3: 2 pulldown pulldown success to 24fps can be achieved with off-shelf "consumer" products. Roger Avary, the film's director being a spokesperson for Final Cut Pro, appears in print ads around the world. Its product advocacy gives confidence to key editors like Walter Murch, that the product is ready for "prime time."
In August 2002, the application won the Emmy Engineering Primetime Award for its impact on the television industry.
Final Cut Pro 4 was announced in April 2003. It includes three new apps: Compressor, used for transcoding between video formats; LiveType for advanced logging (such as creating the bottom third animation); and Soundtrack, for the creation of a royalty-free music soundtrack. He also bundles Cinema Tools, which were previously sold separately for filmmakers working with telecines.
Also in 2003, Apple launched Final Cut Express, a cheaper version of Final Cut Pro. It uses the same interface as Final Cut Pro, but lacks some special movie tools and other advanced options, limiting feature sets to non-professional editors. In January 2005, Soundtrack and LiveType, previously only available with Final Cut Pro, added to Express, and added features for HDV editing. The soundtrack was later removed with Final Cut Express 4. In June 2011, Final Cut Express was officially discontinued, supporting Final Cut Pro X.
In April 2004, version 4.5 of Final Cut Pro was introduced and branded by Apple as "Final Cut Pro HD" due to native support for DVCPRO HD recording format for Panasonic 720p and 1080i HD compressed on FireWire. (This software has been able to edit uncompressed HD since version 3.0, but at that time requires expensive video cards and high-speed storage.)
Final Cut Pro 5 was announced at a pre-NAB event in April, and was sent in May 2005. Final Cut Pro 5 added support for the growing HDV format for compressed HD, previously backed up in Final Cut Pro's "minimized" cousin , Final Cut Express. Final Cut Pro 5 also adds support for Panasonic P2 format to record DVCPRO HD video to memory card rather than tape.
In January 2006, Apple stopped the sale of Final Cut Pro as a stand-alone product. In March 2006 the version of Universal Binary 5.1 was released as part of Final Cut Studio. Improvement is achieved by sending original installation discs back to Apple for a fee. One striking difference is that Intel's version of Final Cut and Motion no longer recognizes After Effects plug-ins. Instead, Apple released its own universal plug-in architecture FxPlug.
On April 15, 2007, Apple revealed Final Cut Pro 6.0, as the foundation of the Final Cut Studio 2 bundle. Again, Apple did not have a booth at NAB 2009, but the product was well represented on the show floor at various booths. The RED Camera team relies heavily on FCP during development.
On July 23, 2009, Final Cut Pro 7/Final Cut Studio 3 (not officially set as such by Apple but adopted by most users to describe the 2009 changes) was released, but it has not yet become a 64-bit app.
Final Cut Pro X was announced on April 12, 2011 and released on June 21st. It's a completely rebuilt 64-bit app with new interface, improved workflow and automation, and new features like ColorSync integration, independent resolution resolution system, scaling system with Core Animation, and more. Three Final Cut Studio, Color, Soundtrack Pro and DVD Studio Pro applications were dropped, while Motion 5 and Compressor 4 were released to the Mac App Store.
In its initial release, Final Cut Pro X was filled with mixed reviews as many video editors avoided the dramatic departure of traditional editing interfaces and dropped many legacy features (and some non-legacy). At the initial launch, a large number of older End Cut Pro users consider the new product an unsatisfactory product that is not eligible to be part of the Final Cut Pro product line. Online petitions began demanding the continued development of Final Cut Pro heritage products or sales to third parties prior to January 1, 2012. The initiator of the petition was banned from the Apple discussion forum. Until January 2014, the petition has received more than 9,000 signatures.
On October 27, 2016, Apple launched Final Cut Pro 10.3, which includes a redesigned interface, improved windows rearrangement, expansion of dual display support, support for the new Touch Bar on MacBook Pro, and an updated version of the Magnetic Timeline.
In December 2017, Apple updated Final Cut Pro X to version 10.4, which includes enhanced color editing tools, 360º video editing support and support for HDR. This new version also supports HEVC video formats and HEIF photo formats. Final Cut Pro X 10.4 also gained the ability to import projects from iMovie for iOS, and now supports improved performance on iMac Pro.
File format
Final Cut Pro Project is technically composed of separate files:
- Project Files
- Media Source Files
- Render File, Cache File
Media Location and File Render/Cache are not standardized. Final Cut Pro can be configured where to save it. Some users have a central directory where they store all their Source/Render/Cache files, some set the path of the file to their special project directory, so they have all the project files in one place.
After completing the project, one can delete everything except the project file, to save disk space, and at other times Final Cut Pro can recall/re-link all source data and recalculate all rendering and cache data, provided it can access all connected sources.
Project files
The first version of Final Cut Pro and Final Cut Express uses a binary file containing all the montage information such as timecode information, in/out-points clips, size/crop/position, nested composition, filter settings, automation data, etc.
The latest edition of Final Cut Pro and Final Cut Express, before Final Cut Pro X, uses the file extension .fcp .
The latest version of Final Cut Pro, Final Cut Pro X, uses a new file extension; .fcpx . Apple is under some criticism for not supporting the older .fcp project files, when it supports importing iMovie projects (.imovieproj files). This concern has been addressed through the use of third-party software, enabling migration of inherited FCP file formats into functioning FCPX libraries and projects. This software is called 7toX and developed by Philip Hodgetts.
Media source files
Either taken from tape or loaded/imported from the file system.
Render Files, cache files, etc.
Files generated by Final Cut Pro, ie audio waveforms, filter effects, etc.
The main movie edited with Final Cut Pro
- The Rules of Attraction (2002)
- Full Frontal (2002)
- The Ring (2002)
- Cold Mountain (2003) (Academy Award nomination for Best Editing - Walter Murch)
- Unacceptable Cruelty (2003)
- Open Water (2003)
- Napoleon Dynamite (2004)
- The Ladykillers (2004)
- Sky Captain and World of Tomorrow (2004)
- Super Size Me (2004)
- Corpse Bride (2005)
- Dreamers: Inspired by Real Stories (2005)
- Happy Endings (2005)
- In Shadow Palms (2005)
- Jarhead (2005)
- Little Manhattan (2005)
- Me and You and Everyone We Know (2005)
- 300 (2007)
- Black Snake Moan (2006)
- Happy Feet (2006)
- Inland Empire (2006)
- Zodiac (2007)
- The Simpsons Movie (2007)
- No Country for Old Man (2007) (Academy Award nomination for Best Editing - Roderick Jaynes)
- Top Governments (2007)
- Youth Without Youth (2007)
- Balls of Fury (2007)
- Gabriel (2007)
- Enchanted (2007)
- Traitors (2008)
- Burn After Reading (2008)
- X-Files: I Want To Trust (2008)
- The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008) (Academy Award nominee for Best Editing - Kirk Baxter and Angus Wall)
- X-Men Origins: Wolverine (2009)
- (500) Summer Day (2009)
- Where is Wild Things Are (2009)
- Serious Man (2009)
- Tetro (2009)
- By the People: Elections of Barack Obama (2009)
- Game Players (2009)
- Eat, Pray, Love (2010)
- True Grit (2010)
- Social Network (2010) (Academic Award Winner for Best Editing - Kirk Baxter and Angus Wall)
- Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011) (Academy Award Winner for Best Editing - Kirk Baxter and Angus Wall)
- Twixt (2011)
- Brave (2011)
- John Carter (2012)
- Hemingway & amp; Gellhorn (2012)
- Inside Llewyn Davis (2013)
- The Patrol (2013)
- The Hardest Years (2014)
- Focus (2015)
- What Happened, Miss Simone (2015)
- Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (2016)
- Saved By Grace (2016)
See also
- List of video editing software
- Video editing software comparison
References
External links
- Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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