An analysis by USA Today published in June 2016 found that over the past three decades, current US President Donald Trump and his business have been involved in 3,500 legal cases in US federal court and state courts, never before happened before. number for US presidential candidates. Of the 3,500 suits, Trump or one of his companies were plaintiffs in 1,900; the defendant at 1.450; and bankruptcy, third party, or other in 150. Trump is named at least 169 suits in federal court. A number of other cases (more than 150) are in the Judicial Court of Seventeenth of Florida Court (covering Broward County, Florida) since 1983. About 500 cases, the judge dismissed the plaintiff's claim against Trump. In the other hundreds, cases ending with available public records are not clear about the resolution. Where there is a clear resolution, Trump won 451 times, and lost 38.
Legal case topics include contract disputes, libel claims, and alleged sexual harassment. Trump companies have been involved in more than 100 tax disputes, and on "at least three dozen" opportunities, the New York State Department of Tax and Finance has earned tax rights on the Trump property for not paying taxes. On a number of occasions, Trump has threatened legal action but in the end did not follow through.
From Trump's involvement in lawsuits, his lawyer Alan Garten said in 2015 that this was "a natural part of doing business in [United States]", and in the real estate industry, litigation to enforce contracts and resolve business disputes was common.. Trump has, however, been involved in far more litigation than fellow real estate giants; The analysis of USA Today in 2016 found that Trump has been involved in more legal disputes than Edward J. DeBartolo Jr., Donald Bren, Stephen M. Ross, Sam Zell, and Larry Silverstein combined.
Trump's lawsuits have drawn criticism from Trump's opponents, who say that this is not a trait that must be supported by conservatives. James Copland, director of legal policy at the conservative Manhattan Institute, stated that "Trump clearly has an interest in filing lawsuits, partly because he has a lot of business" and sometimes uses litigation as a "bullying tactic".
Although Trump has said that he has "never" completed legal claims, Trump and his business have been settled with plaintiffs in at least 100 cases (mostly involving personal injury claims arising from injuries in Trump properties), with settlements starting as high as hundreds of thousands of US Dollars and new -the latest is tens of millions of dollars.
Among Trump's most famous law cases is the Trump University litigation. Three legal actions were committed on fraud charges, one by the New York Attorney General and the other by the plaintiffs of class action. In November 2016, Trump agreed to pay $ 25 million to complete the court process.
Video Legal affairs of Donald Trump
Lawsuits 1973-1999
Trump initially became public concern in 1973 when he was accused by the Justice Department of violation of the Fair Housing Act in the operation of 39 buildings. The Justice Department said that black "testers" were sent to more than half a dozen buildings and were denied apartments, but the same white tester would then be offered an apartment in the same building. The government alleges that the Trump Company cites different lease terms and conditions for blacks and makes "no false" vacancy statements for blacks for the apartments they manage in Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island.
Representing Trump, Roy Cohn filed a counterclaim against the government of $ 100 million, insisting that the allegations were irresponsible and unfounded. A federal judge throws back the lawsuit, calling it a waste of time and paper. Trump resolved the out-of-court indictment in 1975 without admitting a mistake, saying he was satisfied that the treaty did not "force the Trump organization to accept people on the welfare of being a tenant unless it qualifies as another tenant".
Tony Schwartz, author of others from Trump's book The Art of the Deal, says the housing case is a "classic example" of Trump being "a counterpuncher": someone accuses Trump of doing something terrible, and he "returned to them with all the blazing weapons... And confessed nothing." If Trump loses, he will "declare victory".
Corporations are required to send bi-weekly listings to the New York Urban League, a civil rights group, and give them priority for specific locations. A few years later (in 1978), the Trump Organization was again on trial for violating the terms of the 1975 settlement; Trump denies the allegations.
In 1985, New York City filed a lawsuit against Trump for allegedly using a tactic to force tenants 100 Central Park South, whom he wanted to destroy along with the next building. After ten years in court, the two parties negotiated a deal that allowed the building to stand as a condominium.
In 1988, the Justice Department sued Trump for violating procedures related to public notice when buying voting shares in a company related to the takeover trial of Holiday Corporation and Bally Manufacturing Corporation in 1986. On April 5, 1988, Trump agreed to pay $ 750,000 to settle civil penalties from an antitrust lawsuit.
By the end of 1990, Trump was sued for $ 2 million by a business analyst for defamation, and Trump was out of court. Briefly before Trump's Taj Mahal opened in April 1990, analysts said that the project would fail by the end of that year. Trump threatened to sue the analyst firm unless the analyst pulled back or was fired. The analyst refused to withdraw the statement, and his company fired him for unrelated reasons. Trump Taj Mahal declared bankruptcy in November 1990, the first of several such bankruptcies. Thereafter, the NYSE orders the company to compensate analysts for $ 750,000; the analyst did not release details of his settlement with Trump.
In 1991, Trump sued a helicopter manufacturer that crashed in 1989, killing three of its casino hotel business executives in New Jersey. The helicopter fell 2,800 feet after the main rotor of four blades and tail rotor stopped from the plane, killing Jonathan Benanav, a Trump Plaza executive, and two others: Mark Grossinger Etess, president of Trump Taj Mahal, and Stephen F. Hyde, casino chief executive of Atlantic City. One of the defendants was owned by the Italian government, providing the basis for moving him to federal court, where the case was dismissed. The US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit upheld the dismissal in 1992, and the Supreme Court rejected Trump's request to hear the case in the same year.
In 1991, Trump Plaza was fined $ 200,000 by the New Jersey Casino Control Commission to move African American employees and women from the dice table to accommodate high rollers Robert LiButti, the mafia figure and alleged partner John Gotti, who is said to fly into a racial fit of rage when he lost graffiti. There was no indication that Trump had been questioned in the investigation, he was not personally liable, and Trump denied even knowing what LiButti was like.
In 1991, one of Trump's casinos in Atlantic City, New Jersey, was found guilty of violating state regulations on casino financing when Donald Trump's father bought $ 3.5 million in chips that he had no plans to gamble. Trump Castle was forced to pay a $ 30,000 fine under the settlement, according to New Jersey's Division of Gaming Enforcement Director Jack Sweeney. Trump was not disciplined for illegal advances in his legacy, which were not confiscated.
In 1992, Trump sued Ivana Trump's former wife for not respecting the gag clause in their divorce agreement by revealing the facts about her in her best-selling book. Trump won the silencing order. The divorce was granted on the grounds that Ivana claimed Donald Trump's treatment against him was "cruel and inhuman treatment". Years later, Ivana says that she and Donald "are best friends".
In 1993, Donald Trump sued Jay Pritzker, Chicago financier and Trump business partner since 1979 at the Grand Hyatt hotel. Trump alleged that Pritzker exaggerated his earnings to collect excessive management fees. In 1994, Pritzker sued Trump for violating their agreement by, inter alia, failing to remain a solvent. Both sides ended the feud in 1995 in a sealed settlement, in which Trump maintains control of the hotel and Pritzker will receive a reduction in management fees and pay Trump's legal fees.
In 1993, Vera Coking sued Trump and its demolition contractor for damaging his home during the construction of Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino. In 1997, he dropped a lawsuit against Trump and settled with his contractor for $ 90,000. Coking refused to sell his house to Trump and eventually won the 1998 Supreme Court ruling that prevented Atlantic City from using a reputable domain to condemn its properties.
In 1996, Trump was sued by over 20 African-Americans in Indiana who accused Trump of denying a pledge to employ 70% of its workforce from a minority community for its riverbate casino on Lake Michigan. The lawsuit alleges that he does not honor his commitment to direct sufficient contracts to minority-owned businesses in Gary, Indiana. The lawsuit was eventually dismissed due to procedural and jurisdictional matters.
In April 1997, Jill Harth Houraney filed a $ 125 million suit against Trump for sexual harassment in 1993, claiming that he "groped" him under his shirt and told him that he wanted to make it his 'sex slave'. Harth voluntarily withdraws the lawsuit when her husband writes up a parallel case. Trump has called the allegations "helpless".
In the late 1990s, Donald Trump and rival Atlantic City casino owner Stephen Wynn engaged in an extended legal conflict during the new casino planning phase that Wynn proposed to build. The two owners filed suit against each other and others, including the State of New Jersey, began with Wynn's antitrust allegations against Trump. After two years in court, Wynn's Mirage casino sued Trump in 1999 stating that his company had engaged in a conspiracy to damage Mirage and steal proprietary information, notably the list of wealthy Korean gamblers. In response, Trump's lawyer claimed that Trump's private investigator did not honor his contract by working as a "double agent" for the Mirage casino by secretly recording a conversation with Trump. All cases were resolved at the same time on the planned day of the trial in February 2000, which was never held.
Maps Legal affairs of Donald Trump
In 2001, the US Securities and Exchange Commission brought a case of financial reporting to the Trump Hotel & Casino Resorts Inc., alleges that the company has made some "misleading statements in the third quarter earnings release of 1999". Trump Hotel & amp; Casino Resorts Inc. approved the Commission's preventive-and-stop order, saying that the culprit had been dismissed, and that Trump was personally unaware of the issue.
Trump sued Leona Helmsley, and Helmsley fought Trump because of a dispute over the ownership and operation of the Empire State Building. In 2002, Trump announced that he and his Japanese business partner sold the Empire State Building to its competitor Leona Helmsley.
In 2003, the city of Stuttgart denied TD Trump Deutschland AG, a subsidiary of the Trump Organization, permission to build the planned tower due to questions on its financing. Trump Deutschland sued the city of Stuttgart, and lost. In 2004, the German company partner Trump filed a lawsuit against the Trump Organization for failing to pay back the pre-payment payment of EUR 200 million as promised. In 2005, German state prosecutors sued Trump Deutschland and its partners for accounting fraud.
In 2004, Donald Trump sued Richard T. Fields at Broward County Circuit Court (in Florida); Fields had been a Trump business partner in the casino business, but recently became a successful casino developer in Florida besides Trump. Field of counter-prosecuted Trump in Florida court. Trump alleges that Fields misleads others to believe he is still consulting for Trump, and Fields accuses untruth in the Trump business. The two entrepreneurs agreed in 2008 to drop the lawsuit when Fields agreed to buy Trump Marina in Atlantic City, New Jersey for $ 316 million, but the deal was not finalized in 2009 because Trump resigned from Trump Entertainment's leadership after Fields lowered its offer. Fields never bought the company, which went bankrupt at the same time and sold for $ 38 million. Trump's demand was fired after the hearing in 2010.
In 2004, Trump Organization partnered with Bayrock Group on a $ 200 million hotel and condominium project in Fort Lauderdale Beach, to be called Trump International Hotel & Tower. After running for five years, the devaluation of the real estate market hampered the project in 2009 and Trump dissolved a licensing deal, demanding that its name be removed from the building. Soon after this, the project failed on a $ 139 million loan in 2010. Investors then sued the developers for fraud. Trump petitioned to have his name removed from the lawsuit, saying he just lent his name to the project. However her request was rejected because she had participated in the advertisement for it. Bankrupt building projects spawned more than 10 lawsuits, some of which are still not finalized by early 2016.
In 2006, the city of Palm Beach began financing Trump $ 250 per day for violations of regulations relating to the establishment of an 80-foot (24 m) flagpole that raised the 15 x 25 foot (4.6 times 7.6 m) American flag. Trump sued the city for $ 25 million, saying they summarized their freedom of speech, also denied the rule that local businesses "serve the city". The two sides settled as part of a mandated court mediation, in which Trump was asked to donate $ 100,000 to the veteran charity. At the same time, the modified city regulations allow Trump to register members outside the city at the Mar-a-Lago social club.
Following the collapse of the housing market in 2008, Deutsche Bank sought to raise $ 40 million personally secured by Donald Trump against their $ 640 million loan to Trump International Hotel and Tower in Chicago. Instead of paying off debts, Trump sued Deutsche Bank for $ 3 billion for damaging the project and damaging his reputation. Deutsche Bank then filed suit to get $ 40 million. Both sides settled in 2010 with Deutsche Bank extending the five-year loan term.
In 2008, Trump filed a $ 100 million lawsuit for alleged fraud and civil rights abuses against the California city of Rancho Palos Verdes, overturned the development of luxury homes and expansion plans on the part of a landslide prone golf course in the area, purchased by Trump in 2002 for $ 27 million. Trump has previously sued the local school district of land rented from them at the Trump National Golf Club, and has angered some locals by renaming the main road after himself. The $ 100 million lawsuit was eventually withdrawn in 2012 with Trump and the city approved a modified geological survey and licensing extension for approximately 20 proposed luxury homes (in addition to 36 previously approved homes). Trump eventually chose to undertake permanent preservation instead of an expanded residential development in the driving range of the course.
In 2009, Donald Trump sued a law firm he used, Morrison Cohen, for $ 5 million for mentioning his name and providing links to related news articles on his website. The lawsuit follows suit by Trump who accuses excessive law firms, and lawsuits by Morrison Cohen seek unpaid legal fees. The lawsuit was dismissed in a 15-page decision by Manhattan Supreme Court Judge Eileen Bransten, who ruled that link to news articles relating to "public interest issues."
In 2009, Trump was sued by investors who had made deposits for condominiums at the canceled Trump Ocean Resort Baja Mexico. Investors said that Trump misrepresented his role in the project, stating after his failure that he was no more than a spokesman for the whole business, denied financial responsibility for the disaster. Investors are informed that their investment will not be refunded due to cancellation of construction. In 2013, Trump completed the lawsuit with more than a hundred would-be condominium owners for an undisclosed amount.
src: static.politifact.com.s3.amazonaws.com
Lawsuit 2010-present
Legal issues of construction and property
In 2011, Donald Trump sued Scotland, stating that it builds Aberdeen Bay Wind Farm after assuring him that it will not be built. He has just built a golf course there and plans to build an adjacent hotel. Trump lost his jacket, with the British Supreme Court unanimously deciding to support the Scottish government by 2015.
In 2013, the 87-year-old Jacqueline Goldberg alleged that Trump tricked him into selling bait-and-switch condos when he bought property at the Trump International Hotel and Tower.
In 2015, Trump initiated a $ 100 million lawsuit against Palm Beach County claiming that officials, in a "deliberate and malicious" act, put pressure on the FAA to direct air traffic to the Palm Beach International Airport over Mar-a-Lago land, because he said the planes were destroying buildings and disturbing the atmosphere. Trump had earlier sued the county twice because of airport noise; the first lawsuit, in 1995, ended with an agreement between Trump and the county; Trump's second claim, in 2010, was dismissed.
Trump sued the town of Ossining, New York, for a property tax assessment at the 147 acre (59-acre) Trump Golf Club Westchester, located in the town of Briarcliff Manor, which Trump bought for $ 8 million at the time of foreclosure. sales in the 1990s and which he claimed, at the opening of the club, had added $ 45 million in improvements to the facility. Although Trump stated in its FEC 2015 filing that the property is worth at least $ 50 million, the lawsuit seeks a $ 1.4 million valuation on the property, which includes a 75,000 square foot clubhouse, five overnight suites, and a permit to build 71 condominium units. , in an effort to shave $ 424,176 of its annual local property tax liability. Trump filed a lawsuit after being separately prosecuted by Briarcliff Manor for "deliberate and illegal modifications" to a drainage system that caused more than $ 238,000 in damage to village libraries, public swimming pools and park facilities during a 2011 storm.
In October 2016, the Ontario Court of Appeals ruled that Trump, together with two principals of connected developers, could be sued for claims, including oppression, collusion and fiduciary obligations, in relation to its role in the marketing of units at the Trump International Hotel and Tower in Toronto, Canada. The next request for leave to appeal was dismissed by the Supreme Court of Canada in March 2017. Also in October 2016, JCF Capital ULC (a private company that has purchased construction loans in the building) announced that it is seeking court approval under Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act for the building to be sold to return its debts, which then reached $ 301 million. The court allowed its auction to take place in March 2017, but no bidder, apart from a stalking horse offer, took part.
Defamation issues
Also in 2011, the appeals court upheld the decision of a New Jersey Superior Court judge who rejected a $ 5 billion defamation suit from Trump against author Timothy L. O'Brien, who has reported in his book TrumpNation: The Art of Being The Donald (2005), that Trump's real net worth is between $ 150 and $ 250 million. Trump has reportedly told O'Brien that he was worth billions and, in 2005, publicly declared it. Trump says that the author's allegation of underestimating his net worth is motivated by hatred and has harmed him with business transactions and damaged his reputation. The appeals court, however, decided against Trump, citing the consistency of the three secret sources of O'Brien.
In 2014, former Miss Pennsylvania Sheena Monnin eventually completed a $ 5 million arbitration against her, which has been demanded by Trump after stating that the results of the 2012 Miss USA contest were rigged. Monnin wrote on his Facebook page that other contestants told him during his training that he had seen the top five finalists list, and when the names were summoned in the order they were, Monnin realized that the suspect's election process forced Monnin to resign. her Miss Pennsylvania title. The Trump Organization lawyer said Monnin's allegations had paid for a profitable and threatening British Petroleum sponsorship contest to prevent women from entering the Miss USA contest in the future. According to Monnin, testimony from the Miss Universe Organization and Ernst & amp; Young revealed that the top 15 finalists were chosen by the contest director regardless of the scores of the original judges. As part of the settlement, Monnin does not need to revoke his original statement.
On January 17, 2017, Summer Zervos, represented by Gloria Allred's lawyer, filed a libel suit against President-elect Donald Trump for claiming that he had lied in public sexual assault charges against him.
Financial issues
In July 2011, the New York company ALM Unlimited filed a lawsuit against Trump, which ended payments to the company in 2008 after nearly three years. ALM was hired in 2003 to seek offers from clothing companies for the Trump line of fashion, and has arranged a meeting between Trump and PVH, which licenses the Trump name for shirts and ties. ALM, who has received more than $ 300,000, is alleged in a lawsuit that the termination of Trump's payment goes against their original agreement. In the pre-adjudication deposition, Trump and his two businessmen - lawyer George H. Ross and executive vice president of global licenses Cathy Glosser - gave conflicting statements about whether ALM is entitled to payments. Trump, who feels that ALM has only a limited role in the deal between him and PVH, says, "I have thousands of checks that I sign for a week, and I do not see very many checks, and finally I actually see, and when I see they (ALM) I stopped paying them because I knew it was a mistake or someone made a mistake. "
In January 2013, a judge ordered that the case be heard, after Trump and ALM failed to settle the lawsuit. During the trial in April 2013, Trump said that the role of ALM in the PVH agreement is not substantial, stating that Regis Philbin was the one who recommended PVH to him. Trump's lawyer, Alan Garten, says ALM is not legally entitled to any money. The judge decided to support Trump later that month because a legitimate contract between him and ALM was never made.
Trump University Litigation
In 2013, in a lawsuit filed by New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman, Trump is accused of tricking more than 5,000 people out of $ 40 million for the opportunity to learn Trump's real estate investment techniques in the nonprofit training program Trump University, which operated from 2005 to 2011. Trump finally stopped using the term "University" after a 2010 order from New York regulators, who called Trump using the word "misleading and even illegal"; the country had previously warned Trump in 2005 to cancel the term or not offer a seminar in New York. Although Trump has claimed a 98% approval rating on course evaluation, former students tell high-pressure tactics from top-ranked instructors, including the threat of holding graduation certificates, and over 2,000 students have sought and received refunds before the end of their paid seminars.
In a separate class action lawsuit against Trump University in mid-February 2014, a San Diego federal judge authorized plaintiffs in California, Florida, and New York to continue; demands Trump, states that the state Attorney General's investigation is accompanied by a donation search campaign, investigated by the New York ethics council and dismissed in August 2015. Trump filed a $ 1 million defamation suit against former Trump University student Tarla Makaeff, who has spent about $ 37,000 for the seminar, after he joined the class action lawsuit and published his classroom experience on social media. Trump University was then ordered by a US District Judge in April 2015 to pay Makaeff and his lawyer $ 798,774.24 in fees and legal fees.
Breaches contract issue
In 2013 Trump sued Bill Maher comedian for $ 5 million for breach of contract. Maher has appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno and offered to pay $ 5 million for a charity if Trump issued his birth certificate to prove that Trump's mother did not marry an orangutan. This is said by Maher in response to Trump because it previously challenged Obama to produce his birth certificate, and offered $ 5 million paid for Obama's charitable selection, if Obama produced his college applications, transcripts and passport records. Trump issued his birth certificate and filed a lawsuit after Maher was absent, claiming that the $ 5 million bid Maher was legally binding. "I do not think he's kidding," Trump said. "He said it with poison." Trump withdrew his lawsuit against the comedian after eight weeks.
In 2014, Alexia Palmer's model filed a civil suit against Trump Model Management for promising a $ 75,000 annual salary but only paying $ 3,380.75 for a three-year job. Palmer, who came to the US at the age of 17 from Jamaica under the H-1B visa program in 2011, claims to have more than $ 200,000. Palmer argues that the Trump Model Management is charged, in addition to management costs, "unclear costs" of postage to the limousine rides that spend the rest of the compensation. Palmer alleges that the Trump Model Management promised to hold only 20% of its net salary as agency costs, but after charging for the "unclear expenses" it eventually took 80%. Lawyer Trump Alan Garten claimed the lawsuit was "fake and completely frivolous". Palmer filed a class action suit against a model agency with similar allegations. The case was dismissed from US federal court in March 2016, partly because of Palmer's immigration status, through Trump-sponsored H1-B visa, requiring employment complaints to be filed through a separate process.
In 2015, Trump sued Univision, demanding $ 500 million for breach of contract and defamation when they canceled the planned broadcast of the Miss USA contest. The network said the decision was made because of "insulting comments from Mexican immigrants". Trump settles the lawsuit with Univision CEO Randy Falco out of court.
In July 2015, Trump filed a $ 10 million lawsuit in the High Court of DC for breaching a contract against Spanish celebrity chef Josà © Andrà ©, claiming that he stepped down from a deal to open a flagship restaurant at the Trump International Hotel in Washington, DC AndrÃÆ' © s replied that Trump's lawsuit "is not surprising and unfounded" and filed a $ 8 million lawsuit against a subsidiary of the Trump Organization.
Also in July 2015, Chef Geoffrey Zakarian also resigned from Washington, D.C., a project with AndrÃÆ'Â © s in the wake of Trump's remarks on illegal Mexican immigrants, and is expected to lose his own $ 500,000 restaurant rental deposit as a result. Trump denounced and then sued Zakarian in August 2015 for "more than $ 10 million" due to loss of rent and other damages. Trump's demand calls Zakarian offenses in his speech "curious about the fact that Mr. Trump's view of immigration has remained generally consistent over the years, and Mr. Trump's willingness to be openly shared in his opinion is widely known."
The dispute with both chefs was finally completed in April 2017.
By 2015, restaurant workers at Trump SoHo file a lawsuit that from 2009 to at least the filing time, gratuities added to customer checks are illegally withheld from employees. The Trump Organization has responded that disputes occur between employees and their employers, third party contractors. Donald Trump has been scheduled to testify in court on September 1, 2016.
Assault Claim
In September 2015, five people who had demonstrated outside of Trump's presidential campaign event at Trump Tower in New York City sued Donald Trump, alleging that Trump's security staff was pressing one of them. They also allege that Trump security guards had been advised by the city police that they were allowed to protest there. Some people recorded the incident.
In June 2015, the Culinary Labor Union filed an allegation to the National Labor Relations Agency (NLRB), alleging that the owner of Trump Hotel Las Vegas "violated the rights of federally protected workers to participate in union activities" and was involved in "suspected incidents of physical attacks, verbal abuse, intimidation, and threat by management ". In October 2015, Trump Ruffin Commercial and Trump Ruffin Tower I, owner of Trump Hotel Las Vegas, sued Culinary Workers Union and other unions, alleging that they had misrepresentedly deliberately misrepresented that Donald Trump had lived in a hotel union rival, rather than its own unionized hotel, during a trip to Las Vegas.
Polls watch controversy
On October 31, 2016, a New Jersey federal judge, John Michael Vazquez, ordered the Republican National Committee (RNC) to submit all communications with the Trump campaign in connection with the search for polls and voter fraud. He requested testimony and documents relating to Kellyanne Conway, RNC officials Ronna Romney McDaniel from Michigan, and Rob Gleason from Pennsylvania. It is claimed that Gleason, McDaniel, and Roger Stone recruit election observers to check voter fraud. Democratic parties in the states of Nevada, Pennsylvania, Arizona, and Ohio filed lawsuits against Trump for encouraging illegal voter intimidation. Democratic parties of states also sued their Republican counterparts, along with Roger Stone, who allegedly recruited election observers and organized voice assurance efforts "in a number of states." Stone runs the Stop the Steal. "Supporters shouted to voters outside polling stations in Las Vegas when they said they did not vote for Republican candidates, and that Stone asked supporters to initiate an unlawful" out of voting "initiative aimed at intimidating the skin color selector.
Pat McDonald, director of the Cuyahoga County Board of Elections in Ohio, reported that "Trump's supporters have visited local electoral councils that identify themselves as electoral observers, although they appear to be unreliable as poll observers as required under Ohio law." election officials expressed concern about "Election instability", a lawsuit, and discussed the possibility of bringing police to the polls to resolve the conflict. In Clark County of Nevada, lawsuits claim: "A Trump supporter harassed and intimidated some voters outside the initial supermarket location of Albertson's supermarket on Lake Mead Boulevard, repeatedly asking voters for whom they voted, and then shouted at them aggressively and tried to keep them from entering the polling site when they declare that they are not voting for Donald Trump. "When the poll staff told Trump's supporters to stop harassing voters," Trump's supporters told the polling officer that he had the 'right to say what whatever he wants the voters. '"The poll staff called the police, and Trump's supporters left. The suit also claims a similar incident occurred in neighboring Nye as well. In Pennsylvania, Murrysville City Councilman Josh Lorenz should have posted instructions for how Clinton's supporters can vote online, although there is no online voting in Pennsylvania. The eight registered voters, predominantly from the Philadelphia area, challenged parts of the State Electoral Code that prevented election observers from observing elections outside the country where they lived.
On November 8, 2016, police in Jupiter, Florida said pepper supporter Donald Trump sprayed Hillary Clinton supporters at the polls. Clinton's supporters claim he sprayed pepper after falling to the ground. Trump's supporters face charges of attack and battery life. In Pompano Beach, Florida, police asked two poll observers to leave the polls. Two police officers were also dismissed for not following policies and training. No arrests were made. No other incidents were reported in South Florida.
Nevada early voting controversy Latin voter
On November 8, 2016, Trump filed a lawsuit claiming an early voting venue in Clark County, Nevada, remains open late. These areas have a high turnout of Latin voters. The Nevada state law explicitly states that polls will remain open to accommodate eligible voters within the deadline. Hillary Clinton campaign adviser Neera Tanden said the Trump campaign was trying to pressure Latino voters. A political analyst from Nevada, Jon Ralston tweeted that the Trump lawsuit is "crazy" in a state that clearly allows voting to remain open until everyone has voted. Former Nevada State Secretary Ross Miller, posted a law stating "voting should continue until voters vote". Miller said: "If there were people waiting in line to vote at 7 pm, the vote should continue until everyone voted... We're still living in America, are not we?"
Nevada Judge rejected Trump's request to separate the early election ballots. Judge Gloria Sturman, of the District Court for Clark County Nevada, ruled that County Registrar of Voters Joe P. Gloria was required by state law to maintain the record sought by the Trump campaign. Sturman said: "It offends me because it seems to contradict the principle that sound is a secret." Diana Orrock, National Republican Women's Committee for Nevada and vocal Trump ally, said she was unaware of the suit before Politico contacted her. "I know that registrars [Clark County] are on TV this morning saying that anyone in the line is allowed to participate in the voting process until all of them come," he said. "If that's what they do, I have no problem with it... I do not know that filing a lawsuit will achieve anything." Orrock doubted the suit would have any effect.
The lawsuit to incite violence in campaign campaigns in March 2016
During a campaign campaign on March 1, 2016 in Louisville, Kentucky, Trump repeatedly said "get them out of here" while pointing to the anti-Trump demonstrators as they were escorted by their supporters. Three protesters said they were repeatedly pushing and pressing while Trump pointed them out of the podium, citing broadly shared video evidence of the event. They also quote a previous statement by Trump about paying legal bills from violent supporters, or suggesting a demonstrator deserve to be "denied."
The lawsuit accused Donald Trump of inciting violence against demonstrators in Louisville, Kentucky. The plaintiffs are Kashiya Nwanguma (21), Molly Shah (36) and Henry Brousseau (17). The lawsuit was against Trump, his campaign, and three Trump supporters (Matthew Heimbach, Alvin Bamberger and an unnamed defendant). One of the defendants, Bamburger, who wore a Veteran uniform in the video, apologized to the Korean War Veterans Association immediately after the event, writing that he "physically pushed a young woman in the hallway to the exit" after "Trump kept saying 'get them out , get them out. "
Trump's lawyer requested that the case be dismissed, arguing that he was protected by freedom of speech laws, and not trying to get his supporters to violence. They also state that Trump is not obliged to the demonstrators, and they have taken personal risk of injury by deciding to protest at the rally.
On Friday, April 1, 2017, Judge David J. Hale in Louisville voted against the dismissal of the lawsuit, stating there is ample evidence to support that the protesters' wounds are a "direct and direct result" of Trump's words and actions. Hale writes, "It makes sense that the direction of Trump to 'get them out of here' advocates the use of force," and, "It is a command, instruction, command." Hale wrote that the Supreme Court has ruled out some protection for freedom of speech when used to incite violence.
Defendant Heimbach was asked to close the discussion in a lawsuit regarding his relationship with the white nationalist group, and was also asked to ignore the discussion of the statements he made about how a President Trump would advance the interests of the group. The request was rejected, with the judge saying the information could be important to determine the punitive damages as they add context.
Hale also refused to remove allegations that Plaintiff Nwanguma, of African-American descent, became a victim of ethnic, racial and sexist contempt at public rallies from the crowd. The judge stated that this context could support claims by the plaintiff from incitement and negligence by Trump and Trump campaigns. The judge wrote, "While the words themselves are repulsive, they are relevant to indicate the atmosphere in which events are suspected to occur."
The judge stated that everyone has an obligation to use care to prevent any suspected injury. "In summary, the Court found that Plaintiffs had reasonably suspected that their losses were predictable and that Defendant Trump had a duty to prevent them." This case is called a federal judge, Judge H. Brent Brennenstuhl, who will handle early litigation, discovery and settlement efforts.
Heimbach filed separate counterclaim claims in April 2017, arguing that Trump was "responsible for any injury" that he might [Heimbach] "might have created because Trump directed him and others to take action." Heimbach, "a self-employed landscaper," and a member of the Traditional Youth Network, "advocating" separate American "ethno countries," spends a lot of time "writing online" against Jews, gays and immigrants and urges people white to stand up. for their race. "He wrote his own lawsuit requesting Trump to pay Heimbach's" legal fees ", citing Trump's pledge on previous demonstrations to pay legal fees for anyone who removes the protesters." Heimbach's "back-demand" against Trump has "investigated the limits of freedom of speech and public protest when facing trial with unique legal arguments". On May 5, Trump's lawyer filed a lawsuit stating that "Heimbach's compensation claim must be dismissed on the same basis". Virginia law professor Leslie Kendrick, the case of indemnity or "prosecution" is "very unusual." Samuel Ischaroff of New York University, a professor of constitutional law, argues that care must be taken not to allow speeches, in the "political rally context" to "turn into something legally acceptable."
Stormy Daniels scandal
Adult film actress Stormy Daniels alleged that she and Trump had an extramarital affair in 2006, months after the birth of her youngest child. Just before the 2016 presidential election Daniels, whose real name was Stephanie Clifford, was paid $ 130,000 by Trump Michael Cohen's lawyer as part of a non-disclosure agreement (NDA), through LLC formed by Cohen; he says he uses his own money for payment. In February 2018, Daniels filed a lawsuit against LLC asking to be released from the deal so he could tell his story. Cohen filed a private arbitration and obtained an order of detention so he would not discuss the case. According to White House press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders, Trump denies the allegations.
On March 6, 2018, Daniels sued Trump in the California High Court, claiming among other things that the NDA was never valid because Trump did not personally sign it. On March 16 Cohen, with Trump's consent, requested a Daniels suit to be transferred from state court to federal court, based on the criteria that the parties lived in different places and the amount at stake was over $ 75,000; Cohen confirmed that Daniels could owe $ 20 million in damages for breaching the agreement. The filing marked the first time that Trump himself, through his personal attorney, had taken part in Daniels litigation. On April 30, Daniels sued Trump for alleged defamation. In May 2018, Trump's annual financial disclosure revealed that he replaced Cohen in 2017 for expenditures related to the Daniels case.
src: www.bostonherald.com
Investigation of Special Advisor
The investigation of the Special Adviser is a US law enforcement investigation of Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign and any Russian (or other foreign) interference in elections, including exploring possible links or coordination between the Trump campaign and the Russian government, "and things that may or may not be comes directly from the investigation. "Since May 2017, the investigation has been led by US Special Adviser Robert Mueller, former Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Investigations Mueller took over several FBI investigations including those involving former campaign chairman Paul Manafort and former National Security Adviser Michael Flynn.
It has been noted that Trump has undergone a high turnaround with respect to lawyers dealing with this issue, and a large number of leading lawyers and law firms have publicly rejected an offer to join the Trump law team. Lawyers known to have been approached include Robert S. Bennett of Hogan Lovells, Paul Clement and Mark Filip, both with Kirkland & amp; Ellis, Robert Giuffra Jr. from Sullivan & amp; Cromwell, Theodore B. Olson from Gibson, Dunn & amp; Crutcher, and Brendan V. Sullivan Jr. from Williams & amp; Connolly. Other companies with lawyers who have decided not to represent Trump include Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & amp; Sullivan, Steptoe & amp; Johnson, and Winston & amp; Draw. Former Attorney General Joseph diGenova and his wife, Victoria Toensing, are briefly scheduled to join the Trump legal team, but withdraw their service from Trump in March 2018, citing conflict of interest.
In an article describing the "unique circumstances" of Rudy Giuliani's unpaid absence from Greenberg Traurig while representing Trump, possibly because of "potential conflict", Christine Simmons said some other law firms may have refused to represent Trump in the Russian case because " or business and recruitment issues ". Trump calls such views "Fake News".
In the article of the National Law Journal, Ryan Lovelace describes how white-collar lawyers should consider the "risk" and "stigma" to join the Trump team. He cites the concerns of prominent defense attorneys about "the transfer of lawyers constantly in and out of the president's legal team", and the possibility that an attorney can invest resources and reputation in such representations "only to find yourself on the sidelines some time then, because the president sees someone he likes better on Fox News ". The quoted lawyer also notes the "stigma to be associated with this president" that may impact business with other clients.
Another list of reasons for not wanting to represent Trump is provided by Jill Abramson for The Guardian :
The problem for crac crème de la crÃÆ'¨me that is dominated by white collar is that Donald Trump is so overtly a client of hell. He will not listen. He will not obey instructions. He's stubborn. He's a bully. Sometimes, he does not pay his bills. Most importantly, he may not be able to distinguish fact from fiction. This last bullet can get a lawyer representing him into a very deep legal hot water. No one wants to get fired because of fame and wealth representing President Trump. Then there is a justifiable awareness of all unlawful legal mistakes that the defense, led by Trump himself, has committed.
An article Above the Law states that some law firms have refused to represent the President of the United States because "Donald Trump has somehow transformed POTUS into a lawyer dog who values ​​his own clients not wanting to touch", expressing concern that " i] all good lawyers - who have a reputation for guarding and ethics to uphold - refuse to represent the president, what remains is a 'bad' lawyer. People who have no idea what small moral and ethical principles are. "
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Allegations of business links to organized crime
Journalists David Cay Johnston and Wayne Barrett, the last of whom wrote an unauthorized 1992 Trump biography, have claimed that Trump and his company do business with the New York and Philadelphia families associated with the Italian-American Mafia. A reporter for The Washington Post wrote, "he was never charged with violating the law, and observers of that time said that working with figures and politicians associated with mob came with the territory."
Trump helps a financier for the Scarfo family get a casino license, and builds a casino using a company controlled by Nicodemo Scarfo. Trump also bought real estate from members of the Philadelphia criminal family, Salvatore Testa, and bought concrete from companies associated with the crime family Genovese and Gambino crime families. Trump Plaza paid a $ 450,000 fine that was leveled by the Casino Gaming Commission for delivering $ 1.6 million in a rare car to Robert LiButti, John Gotti's acquaintance already mentioned.
Beginning in 2003, the Trump Organization worked with Felix Sater, who in 1998 committed extortion to a $ 40 million mafia-related stock scam scheme, and later became an informant against the mafia. Trump's lawyer has said that Sater is working with Trump looking for real estate opportunities, but has never been officially employed.
src: www.americanbar.org
Use of bankruptcy law
Trump never filed for personal bankruptcy, but his hotel and casino business was declared bankrupt four times between 1991 and 2009 to renegotiate debt with banks and stock and bond owners. Because businesses use Chapter 11 bankruptcy, they are allowed to operate while negotiations take place. Trump quoted by Newsweek in 2011 said, "I play with bankruptcy laws - they are very good for me" as a tool to cut debt.
According to a report by Forbes in 2011, four bankruptcies were the result of excessive hotel and casino hotels in Atlantic City: Trump's Taj Mahal (1991), Trump Plaza Hotel (1992), Trump Hotels and Casino Resorts (2004) ), and Trump Entertainment Resorts (2009). Trump said, "I have used the law of this country to reduce debt.... We will have a company We will throw it into chapters We will negotiate with the bank We will make a fantastic deal." You know, it's like in < i> The Apprentice . It's not private. It's just business. "He points out that many" great entrepreneurs "do the same.
1991
In 1991, Trump Taj Mahal was unable to pay its debts and filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. shows that this first bankruptcy is the only one where Trump's personal financial resources are involved. Time , however, stated that $ 72 million of his personal money was also involved in bankruptcy in 2004. 1992
On November 2, 1992, Trump Plaza Hotel filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, and Trump lost 49% of its shares in the luxury hotel to Citibank and five other creditors. In return, Trump accepts more favorable terms on the remaining $ 550 million paid to the lender, and retains his position as chief executive, although he will not be paid and will have no role in day-to-day operations.
1994
In 1994, Trump had wiped out most of his personal debt of $ 900 million through the sale of Trump Taj Mahal and Trump Plaza assets, and significantly reduced nearly $ 3.5 billion in business debt. Although he lost the Trump Princess and Trump Shuttle cruises (which he bought in 1989), he retained the Trump Tower in New York City and controlled three casinos in Atlantic City, including Trump's Castle. Trump sold its ownership of West Side Yards (now Riverside South, Manhattan) to Chinese developers including Hong Kong New World Development, accepting the premium price in exchange for the use and appearance of the "Trump" name in the buildings.
2004
The bankruptcy of the third company Donald Trump was on October 21, 2004, involving Trump Hotels & amp; Casino Resorts, the parent company that is publicly traded for three casinos Atlantic City and several others. Trump lost more than half of its 56% stake and granted the stocks of bondholders in exchange for handing over a share of the debt. No longer the CEO, Trump retains the role of chairman of the board. In May 2005 the company emerged from bankruptcy as Trump Entertainment Resorts Holdings. In his 2007 book, Think BIG and Kick Ass in Business and Life Trump wrote: "I think it's a bank problem, not my problem.What do I care about? I'm really telling one bank, "I told you, you should not lend me the money. I told you the damn thing was not good. "
2009
The bankruptcy of Trump's fourth company took place in 2009, when Trump and his daughter Ivanka withdrew from the board of Trump Entertainment Resorts; four days later the company, which owed $ 1.74 billion to investors for its $ 2.06 billion asset, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. At the time, Trump Entertainment Resorts owned three properties in Atlantic City: Trump Taj Mahal, Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino in 2014), and Trump Marina (formerly Trump's Castle, sold in 2011). Trump and some investors bought the company in the same year as $ 225 million. As part of the deal, Trump withdrew the $ 100 million lawsuit he filed against the casino owner accusing the damage to the Trump brand. Trump resumed negotiating debt, reducing more than $ 1 billion in payments needed for bondholders.
In 2014, Trump sued his former company for removing his name from buildings because he no longer runs the company, owns no more than 10% of the shares; He lost his jacket. Trump Entertainment Resorts filed for bankruptcy in 2014 and was bought by philanthropist Carl Icahn billionaire in 2016, which acquired the Trump Taj Mahal in the deal.
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src: trumpnews.us
Campaign contribution
According to a New York state report, Trump shunned the limits of corporate and personal campaign donations in the 1980s - though he did not violate any laws - by donating money to candidates from 18 different business subsidiaries, rather than giving primarily on his own behalf. Trump told investigators that he did so on the advice of his lawyer. He also said the contribution is not to lick with business-friendly candidates, but only to meet the demands of friends.
src: a.scpr.org
Donna J. Trump Foundation
Donald J. Trump FoundationThe problem for crac crème de la crÃÆ'¨me that is dominated by white collar is that Donald Trump is so overtly a client of hell. He will not listen. He will not obey instructions. He's stubborn. He's a bully. Sometimes, he does not pay his bills. Most importantly, he may not be able to distinguish fact from fiction. This last bullet can get a lawyer representing him into a very deep legal hot water. No one wants to get fired because of fame and wealth representing President Trump. Then there is a justifiable awareness of all unlawful legal mistakes that the defense, led by Trump himself, has committed.
1992
During the 2016 US presidential election, the media began reporting in detail about how Donald J. Trump Foundation was funded and how Donald Trump used the funds. The Washington Post specifically reports some cases of possible misuse, self-dealing and tax avoidance possibilities. [18] [19] [20]
Regarding the irregularities at the Trump Foundation, the former head of the Internal Organization Exception Service Service Division of Marc Owens told The Washington Post: "This is very strange, this list of laundry issues.... It's the first time I've seen this, and I've been doing this for 25 years on the IRS, and in total 40 years. [21] When interviewed for the Post article, a spokeswoman for Trump Boris Epshtein said that Trump does not violate the law tax. [18]
The New York State Attorney General's Office Eric Schneiderman investigated the grounds "to make sure it is in accordance with the laws governing charity in New York." [22]
Tax controversy
In October 2016, The New York Times published several tax documents from 1995. These documents indicate that Trump may have avoided paying taxes of 916 million dollars in revenues at one time. Trump is likely to give away some of its creditors' shares from its failed business to avoid taxing the hundreds of millions of dollars it provides in the form of debt relief, which is illegal. Law scholar Edward Kleinbard of the University of Southern California believes that Trump's tax documents are forged. Trump claimed on his tax return that he lost money, but did not recognize it in the form of a canceled debt. He may avoid paying 425 million dollars in taxes, says Steven M. Rosenthal, a lawyer at the Tax Policy Center. Rosenthal claims he "borrowed someone else's money and spent it in spectacular fashion." Trump may have done a stock-for-debt swap. This will allow Trump to avoid paying income taxes for at least 18 years. The Trump tax audit for 2002 to 2008 "is closed administratively by an agreement with I.R.S. without any assessment or payment, net of any deficiencies." The tax lawyer believes that the government may have reduced what Trump can claim as a loss without requiring him to pay additional taxes. It is not known whether I.R.S. challenging Trump's use of swap because he has not released his tax return. Trump's lawyers suggested that Trump use equities to exchange debts, because they believe it is potentially unlawful.
Marc Kasowitz, partner names from Kasowitz, Benson, Torres & amp; The Friedman company wrote a letter threatening The New York Times over the publication of the 1995 document. Kasowitz's actions drew attention to the fact that major law firms have done extensive legal work for Donald Trump and his business since at least 2001 including bankruptcy of casino restructuring. In early 2017, company members and former Connecticut Senator Joe Lieberman introduced Trump President-elect candidates to Education Secretary Betsy DeVos to the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions.
Document destruction
In June 2016, USA Today article reported that Donald Trump and his company had deleted emails and other documents on a large scale, including evidence in lawsuits, sometimes contrary to court orders and under subpoenas since the beginning of the year 1973. In October 2016, Kurt Eichenwald published new research findings at Newsweek . This finding was first published by Paul Singer on June 13, 2016 and received more attention after the new report on Newsweek on October 31, 2016. According to Newsweek, Trump and his company "hide or" destroy thousands of documents "involving several court cases since 1973.
"For decades, Donald Trump's companies have systematically destroyed or hidden thousands of emails, digital notes and paper documents requested in the official process, often contrary to court orders.... In every instance, Trump and its controlled entities are also established many of the obstacles that keep lawsuits dragged on for years, forcing opponents in the courtroom to spend huge sums of money in legal fees when they struggle - sometimes in vain - to get records. "
In 1973 Trump, his father and their company were tried on civil charges for refusing to rent an African-American apartment. After their lawyers delayed court requests for documents for several months, Trump, who was then under a court order, said that his company had destroyed company records over the past six months "to save space". In a court case that began in 2005 against Power Plant Entertainment, LLC, a real estate developer affiliate of Cordish Cos., It was revealed that Trump companies have removed the data requested by the court. Cordish Cos. Has built two American Indian casinos in Florida under the Hard Rock brand and Donald Trump accuses them of cheating him from the deal. Nevertheless, Trump's lawyers have refused to instruct the workers to keep all records related to the case during court proceedings. Trump has established procedures to erase all data from their employee computers every year since at least 2003, although it knows at least since 2001 that he may want to file a lawsuit. Even after the lawsuit was filed, Trump Hotels dumped the computer of a key witness without backing up the data. A former general counselor of the Trump casino unit confirms that all data has been removed from almost all company computers each year. Trump and his lawyers claim they do not keep records and digital data even though it was revealed that Trump had launched its own high-speed Internet provider in 1998 and the IBM Domino server was installed for email and digital files in 1999.
See also
- Legal Challenge for Executive Order 13768
- The legal challenge for the Ek Command
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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