NCR Corporation

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The NCR Corporation (originally the National Cash Register ) is a company that makes self-service kiosks, point-of-sale terminals, automated teller machines, check processing systems, barcode scanners and - business consumption. They also provide IT maintenance support services. NCR was based in Dayton, Ohio, starting in 1884, but in June 2009 the company sold most of Dayton properties and moved its headquarters to the Atlanta metropolitan area in Gwinnett County, Georgia, near Duluth and Alpharetta. In early January 2018, the new NCR Global Headquarters was opened in Midtown Atlanta near Technology Square (adjacent to the Georgia Institute of Technology).

NCR was founded in 1884 and acquired by AT & amp; T in 1991. The restructuring of AT & T in 1996 led to the re-establishment of NCR January 1.1997 as a separate company and involving Lucent Technologies spin-off from AT & T. NCR is the only spinoff company AT & amp; which has retained its original name - everything else has been bought or renamed after the next merger.

Video NCR Corporation

History

Initial years

The company started as a National Manufacturing Company Dayton, Ohio, was established to produce and sell the first mechanical checkout machines invented in 1879 by James Ritty. In 1884, the company and patent were purchased by John Henry Patterson and his brother, Frank Jefferson Patterson, and the company was renamed National List of Cash Companies . Patterson formed NCR into one of the first modern American companies by introducing new sales methods and aggressive business techniques. He founded the first sales training school in 1893 and introduced a comprehensive social welfare program for his factory workers.

Other important figures in the early history of the company were Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Charles F. Kettering and Edward A. Actions.

Watson - fired by Patterson in 1914 - finally made it to the general sales manager. At a dull sales meeting, Watson interrupts, saying The problem with every one of us is that we do not think enough. We are not paid to work with our feet - we get paid to work with our heads . Watson then wrote THINK on the horses. Signs with this slogan were then established in NCR factory buildings, sales offices and club rooms during the mid-1890s. "THINK" later became a widely known symbol of IBM, created by Watson after he joined Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR).

Kettering designed the first cashier powered by an electric motor in 1906. Within a few years he developed a list of 1000 Classes produced for 40 years, and O.K. Credit Authorization System Phone to verify credit at department store.

Deeds and Kettering later founded the Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company which later became Delco Products Division of General Motors.

The Power of American Sales

When John H. Patterson and his brother took over the company, cash registers were expensive ($ 50 USD) and only about a dozen "Uncooked Ritty Cashier" machines were used. There is little demand for expensive devices, but Patterson believes the product will be sold after the store owner understands it will drastically reduce the theft by the seller. He created a sales team known as the "American Sales Force" who works on commissions and follows the standard sales script, "N.C.R. Primer." His philosophy is to sell business functions rather than just a piece of machine. A sales demonstration was set up at the hotel (away from business interruptions of the buyer) depicting the interior of the store complete with real merchandise and real money. The sales lead is described as "P.P." or "Possible Buyers." After the initial objections were removed and P.P. recognize internal theft losses, these products are shown along with large business charts and charts. The deal was sealed with a 25-cent cigar.

Expansion

NCR developed rapidly and became multi-national in 1888. Between 1893 and 1906 the company acquired a number of smaller cashier companies.

By 1911, he had sold a million machines and grew to nearly 6,000 employees. Combined with rigorous legal strikes, Patterson's method allows companies to fight bankruptcy, buy over 80 initial competitors, and achieve 95% control of the US market.

In 1912 the company was found guilty of violating the Sherman Antitrust Act. Patterson, Deeds, Watson, and 25 executives and other NCR managers were convicted of illegal anti-competition sales practices and sentenced to one year in prison. Their beliefs were unpopular in the public eye because of Patterson and Watson's efforts to help those affected by the Dayton, Ohio flood of 1913, but attempts to ask them to be forgiven by President Woodrow Wilson were unsuccessful. However, their beliefs were canceled in 1915 on the grounds that important defense evidence should be accepted.

Two million units were sold in 1922, the year John Patterson died. In 1925, NCR became a public company with a $ 55 million stake, at that time the largest public offering in US history. During the first World War, NCR produced aircraft fuses and instrumentation, and during World War II built machines, bomb sights and code-breaking machines, including the American bomb designed by Joseph Desch.

Post-war

Building on wartime experiences with secret communications systems, high speed counters and cryptanalytic equipment, NCR became a major postwar force in developing new computing and communications technologies.

In 1953, chemist Barrett K. Green and Lowell Schleicher from NCR in Dayton filed a patent "Pressure-responsive note material" for carbonless copier paper. It became US Patent 2,730,457 and was commercialized as "NCR Paper."

In February 1953, the company acquired Computer Research Corporation (CRC), after which created a specialized electronics division. In 1956, NCR introduced its first electronic device, Class 29 Post-Tronic, a bank machine that uses magnetic stripe technology. With General Electric Company (now known as GE), the company produced the first transistor-based computer in 1957, NCR 304. Also in 1950 NCR introduced MICR (introduction of magnetic ink characters) and NCR 3100 accounting machines.

In 1962, NCR introduced the NCR-315 Electronic Data Processing System which included CRAM storage devices, the first automated mass-storage alternative to a magnetic tape library that was accessed manually by a computer operator. The NCR 390 and 500 computers are also offered to customers who do not need full power 315. NCR 390 receives four types of inputs: magnetic bookcards, perforated cards, perforated ribbons, and keyboard entries, with a read speed of 400 characters per second. The company's first integrated circuit computer was the Century 100 in 1968. Century 200 was added in 1970. The line was extended to Century 300. The Century series was followed by the Criterion series in 1976, NCR's first virtual machine system.

During this period, NCR also produced 605 mini computers for home use. This is a calculating machine for accounting machines 399 and 499, several generations of controllers in the store and in the bank, and the IMOS COBOL 82xx/90xx system. The 605 is also supported device controllers, including 658 disk subsystems and 721 communication processors.

In 1974, NCR developed scanners and computers that marked the first occasion where items with Universal Product Code (UPC) were scanned at the supermarket checkout, Troy's Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio; a few miles away from NCR Dayton Headquarters. It is treated as a ceremonial event and involves a bit of ritual. The night before, a Marsh supermarket staff team had moved to install bar codes on hundreds of items in stores while NCR installed scanners and their computers.

In 1982, NCR's Peripheral Product Division in Wichita, Kansas, along with device manufacturer, Shugart Associates, helped drive the computer industry into a new era of intelligent standard peripheral communications with the development of Small Computer System Interface (SCSI). The SCSI standard enables diverse devices such as disks, tapes, printers, and scanners to share a common interface to one or more computer systems in previously unlikely ways and models for the next interface to follow. NCR developed the world's first SCSI interface chip based on a commonly developed SCSI interface standard.

In 1986, the number of mainframe makers has dropped from 8 (IBM and "seven dwarfs") to 6 (IBM and "BUNCH") to 4: IBM, Unisys, NCR, and Control Data Corporation.

The company adopted the name NCR Corporation in 1974.

Small computer

In 1982, NCR was involved in an open system architecture. The first first system is UNIX-powered TOWER 16/32, its success (about 100,000 sold) established NCR as a pioneer in bringing industry standards and open system architecture to the computer market. The 5000-series system is based on the Motorola 68k CPU and supports the transaction processing system of NCR TMX, which is primarily used by financial institutions. This product line also sees the first time NCR offers its products through its own direct sales channels since the early 1900s. Formally added to its corporate structure in March 1984, NCR's OEM System Division spearheaded the design, sales revenue and market awareness as well as the acceptance of the NCR Tower family. Part of the cause of this success was a decision by NCR senior management to employ industry retailers veterans for key positions in novice operations and to have units working with, but not accountable to, NCR's traditional management structure. The industry shift from minicomputers brings personnel with minicomputers and retailers' backgrounds such as division heads, Dan Kiegler (ex-marketing Datapoint), marketing manager and then Director of Sales, Dave Lang (former marketing director and reseller of DEC) and other important contributors corporate level; who then hired auxiliary sales organization consisting mainly of proven people from DEC, Wang and other shaky minicomputers companies.

In the 1980s, NCR sold various PCs that were compatible with AT-class computers, such as the small NCR-3390 (called "smart terminals"). They propose a customized version of MS-DOS called NCR-DOS, which for example offers support for switching CPUs between 6, 8 or 10 MHz speeds. Computers featuring an enhanced CGA adapter, NGA, which has a text mode of 640ÃÆ' â € "400 is more suitable for business use than the original 640ÃÆ'â €" 200 mode, with characters drawn using a single pixel line, giving a similar look to the IBM 3270 terminal classic. Graphic mode 640-400 four additional colors identical to CGA 320 Ã-200 mode from a programming point of view.

NCR also manufactures two exclusive series of mini-to-midrange computers:

I-Series: 9010 (Operating System IDPS), 9020 and 9100 (Operating Systems IMOS), 9040 and 9050 (IRX Operating Systems), 9200/9300/9300IP/9400/9400IP/9500/System 1000 model 35/55/65/75 (ITX Operating System). This is the "I" (Interactive) computer that allows the TTY terminal to be connected. The model further supports all industry standard communication protocols.

V-Series: 8500 (VRX Operating System) and 9800 (VRX/E Operating System). This is the "V" series, comparable to the mainframe, supporting the "page mode" terminal. The hardware does have similarities with the I-Series while the operating system and user interface are completely different.

In 1990, NCR introduced System 3000, a family of seven computers based on Intel 386 and 486 CPUs. Most System 3000 ranges use IBM's Micro Channel architecture rather than the more common ISA architecture, and use SCSI peripherals and more popular parallel and serial port interfaces, delivering premium products at premium prices. The 3600, through its NCR subsidiary, Applied Digital Data Systems is supported both Pick Operating System and Prime Information.

The 1970s saw the widespread installation of Model 770 at National Westminster and Barclays banks throughout the UK, but it was not until Model 5070, developed at the Dundee plant in Scotland and was introduced in 1983 that the company began making more serious breakthroughs into the ATM market. Subsequent models include the 5084 series, and 58xx (Persona). In early 2008, the company launched a new generation ATM - SelfServ 662x/663x series. NCR currently commands more than a third of the entire ATM market, with approximately $ 18 trillion withdrawn from NCR ATMs annually. In addition, NCR's expertise in this area encourages companies to enter into contracts with the US Military to support the Eagle Cash program with customized ATMs.

NCR series 5xxx

The NCR 5xxx -series is the range (ATM) produced by NCR from the early 1980s. Most models were designed and originally manufactured at the Dundee plant in Scotland, but were later produced in several other locations around the world.

There are different generations:

• 50xx-series ; Initial models introduced in 1983 were 5070 (interior vestibulum) and 5080 (Through The Wall or TTW) introduced a number of features that have become standard among ATMs. In particular, individual ATM functions are shared between discrete modules that can be easily removed and replaced for repair or replenishment. The 5080 displays a standard smoke perspex anti-vandal screen that covers the keypads and screens until cardholders insert their cards. The improved TTW model <84> 844 appeared in 1987, and had a better anti-vandalism fascism and was the first ATM to dump the need for a reverse perspex screen. 5085 offers the first crude oil storage function; with a machine that supplies a deposit envelope which is then stored in a secure machine for subsequent back office processing.
• 56xx-series ; manufactured from 1991 to 1997. Enhanced functions such as improved color display and security and usability functions become available. The Introduction of Media Entry Indicators (MEI) that highlights card entry slots to subscribers is also part of this series. Some of the 56xx engines produced between 1994-1996 were given the badge as "AT & amp; T" rather than "NCR", reflecting the company's short ownership under the telecommunications giant in the mid-1990s. The 56xx model includes 5670 (interior dispensaries only), 5675 (multifunctional lobby interior - expenditure & amp; deposit), 5684 (only outside TTW), 5688 (external TTW drive-up multifunction) and 5685 (external TTW multifunction).
• 58xx-series is marketed as Persona since 1998 to the present. These models are characterized by gradual steps toward greater ATM functions including intelligent storage, without envelopes using automatic checking modules, coin expenditures, and electronic money recognition functions that enable bank customers to deposit cash and checks with processing transactions instantly. The 58xx series has also been characterized by the gradual introduction of LCD screens instead of traditional CRT monitors. The model includes 5870 (only a compact interior lobby), 5873 (interior lobby with cash receipts & deposit only), 5874 (TTW Exterior cash dispense), 5875 (Multifunctional TTW). The latest TTW version of the Personas line, introduced in 2000 and marketed as a M-Series adds functions such as cash recycling, coin dispensing, barcode readings, 12 "larger LCD displays with touch screen options, and for the first time, a common wall trace for Multifunction ( 5886 ) or a single function ( 5887 ).

NCR 66XX series

The 6th generation ATM NCR has been recorded for a further step towards smart deposits and expansion of secondary functions such as barcode readings.

• 667x-series marketed under the Personas M-Series brand was introduced in 2005 to the present. These models consist of 6676 (interior lobby multifunction) and 6674 (via-the-wall multifunction). The prospect's design is very different from the Persona model; on front-access 6676, the front cover opens to the top which claims to save the service area.

NCR Self-Serv 20 & amp; 30 series

The latest ATM NCR service, introduced in 2008.

This series is a complete redesign of both views and technology content. It is also a cost product down.

Self-Serv 20 series adalah ATM single-function (mis. Cash-out), sedangkan Self-Serv 30 series adalah mesin full-function (cash-out dan intelligent deposit).

AT & amp; T

NCR was acquired September 19, 1991 by AT & amp; T Corporation for $ 7.4 billion and merged with Teradata Corporation on February 28, 1992. As a subsidiary of AT & amp; the total employee of the end of 1992 was 53,800 employees and contractors. In 1993, the subsidiary generated a year-end net loss of $ 1,287 billion with revenues of $ 7,265 billion. The net losses continued in 1994 and 1995, losses requiring repeated subsidies from parent companies and generating a final employee amount of 41,100 in 1995. For the past three years, AT & amp; T is NCR's former largest customer, accounting for more than $ 1.5 billion in revenue.

On February 15, 1995, the company sold its division division and microelectronics storage system to Hyundai who named it Symbios Logic. At that time was the largest purchases of American companies by Korean companies.

For the time being, starting in 1994, the subsidiary was renamed AT & amp; T Global Information Solutions , but in 1995, AT & T decided to terminate the company, and in 1996, changed its name back to NCR in preparation for a spin-off. The Company outlines the reasons for the spinoff in the Information Statement sent to its shareholders, quoted, in addition to "customer needs change" and "the need for focused time management and attention", the following:

... [A] the advantages of vertical integration [which have motivated previous ATT acquisition of NCR] are greater than costs and losses.... [T] o various degrees, many actual and potential customers Lucent and NCR are or will be competitors of the AT & T communications service business. NCR believes that efforts to target the communications industry have been hampered by the reluctance of AT & T to make purchases from AT & T's subsidiary.

NCR reappeared as a stand-alone company on January 1, 1997.

Independence

One of NCR's first significant acquisitions after becoming independent of AT & amp; T came in July 1997, when it bought Compris Technologies, a private company in Kennesaw, Georgia that produced software for the restaurant chain. In November 1997, NCR purchased Dataworks Inc., a 60-person private company in San Antonio, Texas.

Montgomery County Historical Society and NCR Corporation joined in 1998 into a partnership committed to preserving the historic and thick NCR Archives. In 1999, NCR moved about three million items from the NCR Building into the Center for Community History Research.

In 1998, NCR sold its computer hardware manufacturing assets to Solectron and stopped producing general purpose computer systems, focusing on the retail and financial industry. In 2000, NCR acquired the Ceres Integrated Solutions customer relationship management and service provider 4Front Technologies. Recent acquisitions include Kinetics, InfoAmerica and Galvanon, and the DecisionPoint software company.

In April 2003, NCR purchased Copient Technologies, a retail marketing software company based in Indiana.

Under the management of Bill Nuti

In 2006, NCR acquired software company IDVelocity and manufacturing division of ATM Tidel, a cash security equipment manufacturer specializing in the retail market.

On January 8, 2007, NCR announced its intention to split into two independent companies by spinning Teradata to shareholders. Bill Nuti will continue his role as president and CEO of NCR, while VP Teradata Senior Mike Koehler will take over the leadership of Teradata. On October 1, 2007, NCR Corporation and Teradata jointly announced the segregation of the Teradata business unit was completed, with Michael Koehler as the first Teradata CEO.

On January 11, 2007, NCR announced plans to restructure the entire ATM-making operation, with 650 jobs at its Dundee plant being cut. Subsequently 450 jobs were cut in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. In 2009, Dundee's manufacturing facilities were closed, along with factories in SÃÆ'Â £ Paulo and Bucharest, citing global economic conditions as the reason.

NCR expanded its self-service portfolio into the digital media market with the January 2007 announcement of NCR Xpress Entertainment, a multichannel entertainment kiosk. The NCR acquisition for Touch Automation LLC was announced on December 31, 2007.

On October 15, 2008, NCR announced a global retail partnership with Experticity, a software company based in Seattle.

In 2009, NCR moved its corporate headquarters from Dayton, Ohio to nearby Duluth, Georgia; Dayton has served as NCR's home for 125 years.

In 2009, NCR became the second largest DVD Kiosk operator in North America with the acquisition of The New Release and DVD Play. In 2010, NCR completed the acquisition of a digital nameplate company, Netkey.

In August 2011, NCR purchased Radiant Systems, a hospitality and retail system company, worth US $ 1.2 billion. Radiant's hospitality division is transformed into a new hospitality business line in NCR. Radiant's retail and retail business is part of its retail business. Several Radiant executives remain on board, including Scott Kingsfield, who is a general manager of NCR's Retail Line of Business and left NCR in 2014, and Andy Heyman, general manager of NCR's Financial Services business.

In August 2012, the company was hit with allegations of avoiding US economic sanctions against Syria, greatly affecting its share price.

In February 2013, NCR completed the acquisition of Retalix (NASDAQ: RTLX), a provider of software and retail services, about $ 650 million in cash.

In January 2014, NCR completed the acquisition of Digital Insight Corporation, a provider of online services and mobile banking to mid-market financial institutions, from Thoma Bravo, LLC equity firm $ 1.65 billion in cash.

In September 2016, Mark Benjamin was named president and chief operating officer of NCR. Benjamin is a 24-year human resources management veteran and will report directly to Bill Nuti.

In January 2018, NCR moved its headquarters from Duluth, Georgia to a new office in Midtown Atlanta.

Maps NCR Corporation

Products and services

R & amp Activity D NCR is divided between its three main centers in Atlanta (retail); Dundee, Scotland (the financial industry); and Waterloo, Ontario. It also has an R & amp; D in Beijing; Cebu, Philippines; Beograd, Serbia; Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Puducherry and Hyderabad, India. NCR also has manufacturing facilities in Beijing, Budapest, and the Puducherry Indian region, which is a regional manufacturing and export center.

Hardware

• Goods Processing Platform (mainly inspection) (7780, iTRAN 8000, TS)
• PC (System 3000)
• Point of Sale (POS) for retail and food services
  • POS Displays
  • POS Printer
  • POS Touch Screen
  • POS terminal
    • NCR Silver, the complete selling point running on iPad, iPhone or iPod touch devices
  • Self Checkout POS (NCR SelfServ Checkout, formerly NCR FastLane)
  • POS Scanner
• Self-service hardware, ATMs, and kiosks (EasyPoint, Personas, SelfServ)
• Server (S1600, S2600, System 5000, Tower)

Services

• E-business
• Education
• IT infrastructure services
• Managed services
• Payment
• Retail
• Self service

Deprecated

• Class 1000 register
• Class 2000 bank posting engine (c.1922-1973)
• NCR Voyager, the i386 junior computer platform that precedes the Intel SMP specification.
• Electronic rack label (RealPrice - discontinued in 2008)
• EasyPoint Mini, a touch screen device made by Copient Technologies

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Senior management

• CEO: Michael D. Hayford (April 30, 2018 - present)
• CEO: Bill Nuti (August 8, 2005-2018)
CEO
• : Mark Hurd (2003-2005)
CEO
• : Lars Nyberg (1996-2003)
• CEO: Jerre Stead (1993-1995) the company changed its name to AT & amp; T GIS
CEO
• : Charles E. Exley, Jr. (1983-1993)
CEO
• : William S. Anderson (1973-1984)
CEO
• : Robert S. Oelman (1962-1973)
CEO
• : Stanley C. Allyn (1957-1962)
CEO
• : Edward A. Actions (1931-1957)
CEO
• : Frederick Beck Patterson (1922-1931)
CEO
• : John H. Patterson (1884-1922)
• Interim CEO: Jim Ringler (2005)
• Interim CEO: Bill O'Shea (1995)
• Interim CEO: Gil Williamson (1993)

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See also

• NCR Book Award

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References

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External links

• Official website
• NCR IPS UK
• Dundee Redundancy Report
• Information on early National registration
• Dayton Code Breaker
• Computational Project History: NCR Chronology
• The Core Memory Project: The 20th NCR Computer
• Mate V Decision

Source of the article : Wikipedia