Open educational resource policy (OER policy) is the principle or principle adopted by the governing body to support the use of open content - particularly open educational resources (OER) - and practices in educational institutions. Such policies are increasingly emerging at the national, state/provincial and local levels. Creative Commons defines policy (OER) as "legislation, institutional policy, and/or funding mandate that leads to the creation, upgrading of use, and/or support to improve OER." OER is a learning material that resides in the public domain or has been released under an intellectual property license that allows free and re-generated use by others.
Video Open educational resources policy
OER Policy Clearinghouses
Creative Commons has an open source education policy listing listing of 112 current and proposed open education policies from around the world.
Another source for finding OER policy is Open Educational Quality Initiative OPAL Best Practice Clearing House. The OPAL Initiative is a partnership between seven organizations including the International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE), UNESCO, the European Quality Foundation, the British Open University, the Aalto University and the Catholic University of Portugal. Led by the University of Duisburg-Essen in Germany, partly funded by the European Commission.
Maps Open educational resources policy
UNESCO OER Congress
On Friday, June 22, 2012, UNESCO World Education Open Resource Congress (OER) released the 2012 Paris OER Declaration asking the government to publicly license publicly funded educational materials.
UNESCO member states unanimously approved the declaration, which highlights the importance of open educational resources and provides recommendations to governments and institutions worldwide.
Policies adopted by the national education board
On January 17, 2014, the Council for Higher Education in South Africa published the White Book for Post-School Education and Training . This paper emphasizes the principles of open learning and set the stage to support national efforts to design and develop high quality open educational resources. In response, the University of South Africa (UNISA) - one of the founding partners of the OERu network and a member of the 2012 UNESCO OERU conference in Paris - approved the Open Educational Resource Strategy (OER) in March 2014.
Policies adopted by research university
The open access policy imposed by the university research faculty can empower them in choosing how to distribute their own scientific work. If a faculty member wishes to grant exclusive rights to the publisher, they must first request a waiver from their faculty governance body. Some reasons for implementing such a policy across institutions are to:
- increases the overall impact of the institutional research contributions to the global knowledge economy,
- individual faculty receive the full support of their institution in a concerted action to work with publishers to simplify procedures and expand access to their scientific works (allowing for greater possibilities for quotes from their work - essential for recruitment, mastery and promotional decisions),
- leverage scientific interaction with a greater diversity of readers, not only those who can afford to buy information from vendors or attend academic conferences.
Such blanket policies provide support to those whose research is not part of a project that requires open access to the research undertaken. For example, since the February 2013 directive of the United States Office of Science and Technology Policy, US federal agencies have developed their own policies to make research available for free within one year of publication.
SPARC, Scientific Publishing and Academic Resource Coalition, leads a collaborative and open effort to create "Open Access Spectrum" which demonstrates a more sophisticated approach is needed in the discussion of the concept of openness in research communication. "HowOpenIsIt?" (As well as the FAQ document and slide deck) available for download on the SPARC website. Another useful guide has been developed by members of the Harvard Office for Academic Communications, the Open Harvard Access Project, and the Berkman Center for the Internet and Society. This online guide, "Good practice for university open access policy" is built on wikis and is designed to evolve over time, according to co-authors: Emily Kilcer, Stuart Shieber and Peter Suber.
United States
California Institute of Technology
On June 10, 2013, the Faculty Board of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) creates an Open Access Policy across institutions. The ruling states that from 1 January 2014, all Caltech faculties must agree to grant Caltech's non-exclusive right to disseminate their scientific papers either through the author's own site or to Caltech AUTHORS, the online repository. The goal is to foster a wider distribution of their work and to simplify the copyright process when posting research on faculty or institutional websites. This initiative was created to prevent publishers of such journals from threatening legal action or issuing notice of deletion to authors who have posted their content on their own sites or to CaltechAUTHORS, an online warehouse for research papers written by the Caltech faculty and other researchers at Caltech.
Duke University
On March 21, 2010, the Duke University Board of Academics decided to support the new University Library data repository, DukeSpace, with a blanket policy to provide open access to their scientific papers. This policy allows faculty members to opt out at any time, and it is regularly reviewed to determine its effectiveness.
Duke also in 2010 joined the Compact for Open-Access Publishing Equity (COPE) and established funds to help Duke's faculty members to cover the cost of authors required to publish in open access journals.
Harvard University
On February 12, 2008, Harvard University's School of Arts and Sciences approved their Open Access Policy, giving the President and Fellows of Harvard "to provide scientific articles and to exercise the copyright in the article... on a non-exclusive, irrevocable license , paid, worldwide... "Since then, several other schools at the University are now participating in the Open Access Policy supported by the Office for Scientific Communication: Graduate School of Design, School of Education, School of Business, Law School, Kennedy School of Government, School Divinity, and School of Public Health. The University's open access repository is called DASH (Digital Access to Scholarships at Harvard) where faculty upload their scientific articles to be accessible to everyone.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Adopted by a unanimous vote on March 18, 2009, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Faculty adopted an open access policy. This policy applies to "all scientific articles written when the person is a member of the Faculty except for articles that are completed before the adoption of this policy and any articles which faculty members sign an inappropriate license or assignment agreement prior to the adoption of this policy." MIT's online repository is called DSpace @ MIT and is designed to work seamlessly with Google Scholar. The Faculty revised and updated its policy in 2010 to consider issues related to the discussion of MIT librarians with publishers.
Princeton University
In 2010, the Princeton Princeton University Dean appointed the ad hoc faculty and University Librarian committee to study questions about open access to faculty publications - and in March 2011, the committee recommended some changes to the faculty rules to allow blanket policies for open access to Princeton faculty scholarships. The Faculty approved an open access policy on September 19, 2011, the last of which was revised in January 2012.
Stanford University
On June 26, 2008, the Stanford University Graduate School of Education (GSE) was the first in the school to grant University permission to make their scientific articles publicly accessible and to exercise copyright in "irrevocable, irrevocable, around the world... provided that the article is properly linked to the author is not sold for profit. "The Open House Archives GSE and makes the GSE writers work papers publicly available as well as published articles. Between 21-24 May 2013, Stanford GSE doctoral students voted in favor of a motion to enforce an Open Access policy. However, at the moment, despite the strong case made by Professor John Willinsky and Juan Pablo Alperin, there is no advanced Stanford academic unit.
University of California
On July 24, 2013, the University of California (UC) Academic Senate approved the UC Open Access Policy for all 8,000 plus faculty at their ten campuses. Some confusion on local campus leads to online posting of journal articles whose copyright is already owned by the publisher. For example, in December 2013, the academic publishing company Elsevier sent some UC faculty notices to record certain journal articles publicly posted on their campus webpage, for example, on departmental websites or faculty profiles. UC Open Access Policy protects teachers who have uploaded their articles correctly to the UC eScholarship repository. In another case of a misunderstanding by faculty about open access, in March 2014, the University received a Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) removal notice for nine articles owned by the American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE). UC faculty writers have uploaded to the publisher-formatted article eScholarship between 2004 and 2008, before UC Open Access Policy was enacted and violated the publisher's agreement with the author when they granted their copyright to ASCE.
University of Colorado Boulder
In 2014, the University of Colorado Boulder Faculty Meeting approved the Boulder CU Open Access Policy "to allow for widespread dissemination of their research." They are granted to the Regents of the University of Colorado "a non-exclusive, irrevocable, worldwide license to exercise any and all copyright-based copyrights relating to their scientific work, as long as the work is properly linked to the author and not used for the purpose commercial "- and that individual faculty will retain full ownership of the material. The writer at UC Boulder is expected to inform the publisher of the University's policy and that they "have provided an existing License." The digital repository, CU Scholar, is managed by the University Library and works under a series of policies that come from Open Access Policy. Contributions from the CU Boulder community may include working papers and technical reports, published scientific research articles, complete texts, digital or multimedia art, conference papers and proceedings, theses and dissertations, Bachelor's Honors degree thesis, college published journals, with faculty especially scientific interest, and data sets. The Chancellor's Executive Committee recently approved a new policy, following the leadership of the Council of Deans and the Office of Provost and Executive Vice Chancellor.
University of Kansas
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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