In the technical sense maintained herein, dunnage is a cheap or used waste material used to load and secure cargo during transport; more loosely, referring to the different luggage, carried during the trip. The term may also refer to low priority cargoes used to fill the carrying capacity which would otherwise send less weight.
Video Dunnage
International law
When unloading the ship, sometimes there is a problem about what to do with dunnage. Sometimes dunnage can not land due to customs on imported timber, or quarantine rules to avoid offshore insect pests, and as a result often unwanted dunnage is then secretly discarded and adds to the problem of driftwood. According to the US and International Law (MARPOL 73/78) it is illegal for ships to dump the dunnage within 25 nautical miles (46 km) from the shore. Currently, the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), an international regulatory body, mandates 134 signatory countries to comply with ISPM 15, which requires all dunnage to be heated or fumigated with pesticides and marked with an accredited seal. There are instances where foreign insects enter the soil and cause damage to the ecosystem, even damage the plant.
Maps Dunnage
Construction
In construction, dunnage is often a piece of wood or disposable material whose purpose is placed on the ground to lift construction materials to allow forklift access and slings to lift, and to protect them from the elements.
Dunnage can also refer to structural platforms for mechanical equipment. Typically, this is an open steel structure located on the roof of the building, which consists of steel beams supported on pole or bearing walls. They are used to raise equipment from the roof for various reasons, including maintenance access either to the roof surface and the equipment itself, or to grant permission to keep equipment from snow or rain that can collect on the roof. In this usage, dunnage is usually a permanent part of the building structure for the lifetime of supported equipment.
Dunnage Bag
Dunnage Bags are air-filled pockets that can be used to stabilize, secure and protect cargo during transportation. Dunnage bag placed in the cavity between the cargo goods. Dunnage bags can be used in all modes of transportation; road, rail, sea or air.
Initially rubber bags were used to lock the pallets in the truck. They evolved into kraft paper bags with plastic-bag interior. Because metal binders are becoming less popular, many companies now use polyethylene or vinyl based bags because of their low price. It is important to match the size of the bag with the void.
Beginning in the 1950s, several US railway carrier carriers began to strengthen hopper cars equipped with load security devices to prevent shifts during transit. These cars are usually labeled "Damage Free" or just " DF ". Interior equipment helps eliminate the need for customer-supplied dunnage.
In the 21st century, Amazon began filling dunnage bags that filled air on site during packaging to minimize environmental impact, shipping weight, and packing material costs.
Ship
Dunnage to secure cargo in ship holdings has evolved from wooden planks to form "cribs" for modern mechanics, peg-and-socket spring systems, exemplified by "pogo sticks" used on the US Armed Forces Combat Navy (CLF) vessels that provide charging back shop, spare parts, repair parts, ammunition, weaponry, and liquid in cans and drums. Dunnage segregates cargo in the hold and prevents cargo movement in response to ship movement.
Shipbuilding
During the shipbuilding process, dunnage is generally used to describe items such as welding machines, hoses, stairs, and scaffolds that are not part of the vessel and will not remain on board after completion.
Use of other terms
Outfitters and mule packers use the term dunnage when they transport goods, such as camping gear and food supplies, but do not carry passengers. In "dunnage" fishing net products can refer to the strengthening of the edge of the net. It has historically been used extensively in the UK for personal items of seafarers, as in, "Stow your dunnage and report to the First Mate". Many manufacturing facilities use the term dunnage to refer to containers and packaging used for their finished goods. It can be anything from a wooden box or steel bin to a wire basket and a plastic tray. Generally these packaging are specially designed to withstand the products being manufactured and owned for the requirements of manufacturing facilities. On some ships, it is used as a euphemism for human waste.
See also
- Bearing, package protection inside the container
References
External links
- Dunnage
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments